KAPE

KAPE

                "Ano ang amoy ng kalungkutan?"

                Isa ito sa mga tanong  noon ng aking propesor sa panitikan habang tinatalakay namin ang kanya-kanyang pagpapakahulugan at simbolo tungkol sa isang bagay na siyang magiging daan upang maipakilala mo ang iyong sarili mula sa isang bahagi ng iyong buhay.

                May mga kaklase akong sumagot ng amoy ng paa, dahil  daw  talaga namang nakakasulasok ang amoy ng paang mukhang ilang taong nailibing. Yung  iba sumagot ng alimuom,  yung iba, sumagot ng amoy ng kabinet na luma. Habang ako, nakangangang nagtataka, may amoy nga ba talaga ang kalungkutan? Paano mo maaamoy ang kalungkutan kung nararamdaman mo lang ito at hindi man lang nasasalat? Buong oras akong nag-iisip kung anong amoy nga ba ang maituturing kong nakakalungkot, maliban sa mga amoy na binanggit ng aking mga kaklase. At talaga nga bang naamoy ang kalungkutan?

                Hanggang sa natapos na ang klase, nasa isip ko pa rin ang katanungang iyon. Ano nga ba ang amoy ng kalungkutan? Anong amoy nga ba ang pag nasinghot ko ay malulungkot ako?  Marahil, katulad ng mga kaklase ko, maaiinis ako pag nakaamoy ako ng mabaho dahil sino nga ba ang magiging masaya pag nakaamoy ka nun? Maaring mainis ako sa mga amoy na sobrang tapang at masangsang, sino nga ba ang matutuwa sa amoy na yun. Oo, maasar ako at sisimangot, pero hindi malulungkot. Dahil ang kalungkutan ay malalim na nararamdaman na hindi basta-basta nagigising sa simpleng amoy lamang.

                Noong gabi ding iyon, dahil marami akong gagawin, napagdesisyunan kong magtimpla ng kape upang di makatulog. Ang pinaghalong aroma ng kape at ang damdamin kong makatapos sa isang gawin ang tila magpapapait ng gabi ko. Dito ko lang naaamoy kung ano nga ba para sa akin ang amoy ng kalungkutan. Pag nakakaamoy ako ng kape, naaalala ko ang pamilya ko sa probinsiya. Mahilig kasi ang papa ko sa kape. Wala siyang anumang bisyo, maliban sa pagkakape. Kape sa umaga kape sa tanghali. Kape sa gabi. Minsan meryenda niya, kape din.

                Isang magsasaka si tatay kaya uso sa kanya ang bumangon nang maaga. Siyempre, bilang parte ng kanyang ritwal bago sumalang sa bukid,Kape muna ang kanyang nilalagok bago pa man ang ilang inumin diyan. Kasabay niyon, pag nalalanghap namin ang aroma ng kape niya, nagigising kami bigla.  Kaya bago pa man umalis si tatay papuntang bukid, gising na rin kami at sabay-sabay kaming kakain. Ganito lagi ang senaryo sa bahay tuwing umaga. At ganitong senaryo ang gusto kong makita araw-araw, ang lagi kaming magkakasama sa umaga.

                Noong bata-bata pa ako,malapit na malapit na ako sa pamilya ko. Kaya siguro ako taong-bahay lang na di gaya ng ibang kabataan na lakwatsa dito, lakwatsa doon. Kahit utus-utusan ako sa bahay, basta nakikita ko sina mama at papa at ang mga kapatid ko, ayos lang. Minsan nga, pag may umaalis sa bahay, nalulungkot na ako at natatakot akong baka di na sila bumalik.

                Di ko alam na darating ako sa puntong ako pala ang kailangang umalis sa bahay. Mag-aaral kasi ako ng kolehiyo sa Maynila.

               

                "Ma, diyan na lang ako mag-aaral sa bayan. Ang layo ng Maynila eh,"sabi ko sa kanya. Pero ang totoo, ayoko talagang umalis sa bahay namin.

                Pero mapilit si mama. Kailangan din naman daw akong tumuklas ng bagong mundo. Ayoko mang sundin yun pero mapilit kasi sila. Sila ang magpapaaral sa akin kaya sila ang masusunod.

                Tumira ako sa bahay ng tita ko. Kahit naman sabihin natin nakatira ka pa rin sa kamag-anak mo, iba pa rin yung gigising ka sa umaga na ang nakikita mo ay ang pamilya mo.

                Simula nang tumira ako sa Maynila, hindi na ganoon kasigla ang umaga ko dahil hindi ko naamoy ang kape ni papa sa umaga. Hindi rin naman kasi mahilig sa kape sina tita. Kaya minsan, para mawala ang pagka-miss ko kina papa, nagtitimpla ako ng kape. Minsan, sumasabay pa sa pag-inom ko ng kape yung ad ng isang brand ng kape. Para kanino nga ba ako bumabangon?

                Hindi naman kasi biro ang mag-aral sa kolehiyo. Bukod sa malayo ako sa pamilya ko, daan-daang mga project, terms papers, reports at kung  anu-ano pang paper works ang ipapagawa sa akin. Minsan nga, gusto ko na ring sumuko. Hindi ko masabi sa tita ko na nahihirapan ako lalo pa't pati pagbiyahe ko ay nakakadagdag sa stress ko.  Ang biyahe mula Taguig hanggang Maynila ay umaabot ng isang oras at talagang nakakapagod. Pero isang tasa lang ng kape, nabubuhay ulit ako. Kasi ang kape sa akin ay parang isang pagpapaalala ng papa na sa bawat pagdilim ng kalangitan, may bagong umagang nag-aabang. Kaya sa tuwing nakakaamoy ako ng kape, naaalala ko si papa, si mama at ang mga kapatid kong nasa probinsya.Kahit nalulungkot ako dahil hindi ko na sila kasama pag nakakaamoy ako ng kape, napabubuhayan naman ako at matitiis ko ang anumng pait ng mga bagay at pangyayaring dumating sa buhay ko. Kaya naman, lalo ko pang pinag-iigihan ang mga ginagawa ko, kasi umaasa din sila na makakamit ko yung mga pangarap ko.  Pero  sa tuwing nakakaamoy ako ng aroma ng kape, kahit ito ang nagsisilbing motibasyon ko, hindi ko pa rin maiwasang hindi malungkot dahil namimiss ko ang pamilya ko sa probinsya.

                Kaya minsan pag nagkakape ako, malungkot man ako, lalo kong pinag-iigihan ang lahat ng aking ginagawa. Kung sakali mang magtagumpay ako, maaari na akong bumalik sa pamilya ko at bumili ng maraming kape para kay tatay. At babalik ang kasiyahan ko sa tuwing nakakaamoy ako ng aroma ng kape.

SA KAWALAN

Damhin mo ang hanging

                patuloy na umiihip

                sa alapaap ng alaalang

                kinalimutan ang rikit.

Hagkan mo ang yuming

                hatid nitong lamig

                sa bawat pagdapo

                ng kalinga nitong hatid.

Buksan mo ang pandamang

                nagkulang sa husay

na masalat ang pag-ibig

na di nasisilip.

Ilibing ang ligaya

na dapat ay sa iyo

pagkat pagsintang buhay

ay unti-untig naglalaho.

A Piece of Notes on Literature during Romanticism Era

Hello. I think I must post this because I rarely see information about the features of romantic Literature piece. I hope these notes could help

The Age of Romanticism

Romanticism

-       is the age of  artistic and intellectual movement that began in Europe in the late 18^th century to the mid-19^th century

-       the romantics rejected science and reason and instead, embraced nature, emotion and individual experience. This rebellious ideas inspired the romantics to champion the rights of the common people.

Historical events during the age of romanticism

Defending equality and human rights, the French Revolution inspired revolutions across Europe.

1792	France was declared a republic
1793	Mass execution was carried out as The reign of Terror begins
1804	Napoleon  crowns himself emperor of France
1812	Napoleon invades Russia
1815	Napoleon was defeated by British allies in Waterloo
1837	Victoria becomes the Queen of Great Britain
1848	Riots and strikes  break out in industrial regions of England

Qualities of Romanticism

1. Imagination, spontaneity, intuition

Imagination is the primary faculty for creating all art.

2. Exotic

Romantics were also fascinated with realms of existence that were, by definition, prior to or opposed to the ordered conceptions of "objective" reason. There is certain unusal and beliefs on supernatural beings

3. Love of nature

Particular perspectives with regard to nature varied considerably--nature as a healing power, nature as a source of subject and image, nature as a refuge from the artificial constructs of civilization, including artificial language--the prevailing views accorded nature the status of an organically unified whole

4. Emphasis on freedom and individualism

The Romantics asserted the importance of the individual, the unique, even the eccentric. It is often subjected to the triumph of a person over sin.

5. Faith in common people

unlike neo classicist, romantics emphasize and reflects on the experiences of childhood, unsophisticated societies of the common people

6. Idealization of everyday living

Romantic artists often turned for their symbols to folk legends and older, who used "the language of commen men," not an artificial and to children (for the first time presented as individuals, and often idealized as sources of greater wisdom than adults).

Famous Writers During Romanticism

1.     Walt Whitman

2.     Edgar Allan Poe

3.     Mary Shelley

4.     Percy Bysshe

5.     Samuel Taylor Coleridge

6.     William Wordsworth

7.     Lord Byron

8.     William Blake

9.     Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

10.                                                   Leo Tolstoy

11.                                                   Heinrich Heine

12.                                                   Victor Hugo

Famous Works and Writers in the Age of Romanticism

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe  was a German wirter, pictorial artist, biologist, theoretical physicist, and polymath. He is considered the supreme genius of modern German literature. His works span the fields of poetry, drama, prose, philosophy, and science. His Faust has been called the greatest long poem of modern European literature. His other well-known literary works include his numerous poems, the Bildungsroman Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, and the epistolary novel The Sorrows of Young Werther.

Goethe was one of the key figures of German literature and the movement of Weimar Classicism in the late 18th and early 19th centuries; this movement coincides with Enlightenment, Sentimentalism (Empfindsamkeit), Sturm und Drang andRomanticism. The author of the scientific text Theory of Colours, his influential ideas on plant and animal morphology and homology were extended and developed by 19th century naturalists including Charles Darwin.^[4] He also served at length as the Privy Councilor of the duchy of Saxe-Weimar.

FAUST

Ø  Author: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Ø  Language: German

Ø  Title of the Entire Work: Faust. 

Ø  Genre: Faust is a both a play and an epic. Although Goethe classes the first and second parts as tragedies, the work ends happily after Faust dies and goes to heaven.  

Ø  Settings
. The action takes place in Heaven, on earth on the European continent, and in chimerical locales. 

Ø  Main Characters
.Protagonist: Faust
Antagonist: Mephistopheles 

The Lord
Raphael, Michael, Gabriel: Archangels.
Faust: Scholar, medical doctor, and magician. 
Mephistopheles: The devil.
Wagner: Faust's assistant.
Margaret (Also Called Gretchen): Young woman who attracts Faust. 
Valentine: Brother of Margaret.
Martha: Margaret's Neighbor.
Homonculus: Tiny man created by Wagner.
Emperor: Ruler of a domain saved by Mephistopheles and Faust.
Helen of Troy: Mythological figure of extraordinary beauty.
Euphorion: Son of Faust and Helen of Troy.
Numerous Other Mythological Figures
Witches, Spirits, Soldiers, Students
Tavern Revelers

Themes

¢  Salvation Through Striving

¢  Quest for Knowledge

¢  Lack of Fulfillment

¢  Deception

¢  Life Is Worth Living

Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy known in the West as Leo Tolstoy (September 9, 1828 – November 20, 1910⁾ was a Russian writer who primarily wrote novels and short stories. Later in life, he also wrote plays and essays. His two most famous works, the novels War and Peace and Anna Karenina, are acknowledged as two of the greatest novels of all time and a pinnacle of realist fiction. Many consider Tolstoy to have been one of the world's greatest novelists. Tolstoy is equally known for his complicated and paradoxical persona and for his extreme moralistic and ascetic views, which he adopted after a moral crisis and spiritual awakening in the 1870s, after which he also became noted as a moral thinker and social reformer.

Tolstoy also achieved world renown as a moral and religious teacher. His doctrine of nonresistance to evil had an important influence on Gandhi. Although Tolstoy's religious ideas no longer command the respect they once did, interest in his life and personality has, if anything, increased over the years

GOD SEES THE TRUTH BUT WAITS

Ø  Author: Leo Tolstoy

Ø  Genre: short story

Ø  Setting: in Vladimir town, and in Siberia

Ø  Characters:

Aksenov - young merchant who live in Vladimir
Vanya - the wife of Aksenov
Makar - the man who caused Aksenov sufferings

Ø  Theme:

§  Social injustice

§  Giving up material things

§  Forgiveness

§  Faith

Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (13 December 1797 – 17 February 1856) was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. He was also a journalist, essayist, and literary critic. He is best known outside Germany for his early lyric poetry, which was set to music in the form of Lieder (art songs) by composers such as Robert Schumann and Franz Schubert. Heine's later verse and prose is distinguished by its satirical wit and irony. His radical political views led to many of his works being banned by German authorities. Heine spent the last 25 years of his life as an expatriate in Paris.

THE LOTUS FLOWER

The Lotus flower shudders
When the Sun brings forth his light.
She droops her head in slumber
To dream in wait for the night

The moon is the Lotus' lover.
He wakes her with bright grace
Before him she will gladly uncover
Her flower's devoted face.

She shines and glows and blossoms
And mutely gazes above.
She sighs and weeps and trembles
With love and the woe of love.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe

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